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Course Outline
Introduction
- Historical overview of GNU/Linux
- Licensing models
- Kernel versioning schemes
- Release cycles
- Kernel tree structures
- The mainline kernel
- Distinction between kernel space and user space
- Mechanism versus policy
- Alternatives to kernel drivers
- RTOS compared to Linux
Memory Management
- Virtual memory versus physical memory
- Kernel memory allocation strategies
- Memory pages
- Memory zones
- Relevant APIs
- Slab allocator
Kernel Patching
- Patch lifecycle
- Utilizing Git
- Navigating kernel sources
- Creating patches
- Verifying patches with checkpatch
- Correcting patches
- Submitting patches
- Code auditing standards
Kernel Modules
- Acquiring kernel sources
- Configuration, building, and installation
- Device drivers: static linking and runtime loading
- Init and exit functions
- Licensing requirements
- EXPORT_SYMBOL and GPL compatibility
- Out-of-tree Makefiles
- Module initialization tools
- Integrating modules into the kernel tree
- Kconfig systems
- Passing parameters to modules
- Using Sparse for static analysis
Character Drivers
- Architectural overview
- User-to-kernel interfaces
- I/O subsystem
- Virtual File System (VFS)
- sysfs (devices, buses, drivers, classes)
- kobject, ktype, and kset structures
- Linux kernel driver model
- Device file handling
-
Character driver implementation
- Initialization processes
- Registration procedures
- Open and release operations
- cdev, cdev_add, cdev_del, etc.
- Major and minor numbers
- udev, udevmonitor, and udevadm utilities
Advanced Character Driver Operations
- ioctl commands
- Unlocked ioctl
- Compatible ioctl handling
- User-space APIs
- Kernel-space APIs
- Process lifecycle management
- Sleeping and blocking techniques
- Waking up processes
- Wait queues
- The thundering herd problem
- Poll and select mechanisms
Kernel Debugging
- General debugging techniques
-
Debugging the kernel
- Using Git for binary search debugging
- Built-in kernel debug support
- printk, syslogd, klogd, log levels, rate limiting, and selective subsystem debugging
- Debugging via debugfs queries
- Oops debugging and triggering oopses
- Magic SysRq Key functionality
- kgdb and kdb
- JTAG debugging
Tracing
- gcov coverage tools
- lcov visualization
- oprofile analysis
-
ftrace subsystem
- nop tracer
- function tracer
- sched_switch tracer
- function_graph tracer
- dynamic tracer
- trace-cmd and kernelshark
- perf tool
- LTTng tracing
Interrupts
- Interrupts versus polling
- Interrupt fundamentals
- Program sections and execution flow
- Reentrancy concepts
- Event handling
- Interrupt handlers
- Shared interrupt handlers
- Interrupt flow control
- Interrupt management
Deferring Work
- Top half and bottom half mechanisms
- Soft interrupts (softirqs)
- Tasklets
- Work queues
- Threaded interrupts
Concurrency
- Critical regions and sections
- Atomic operations
- Race conditions
- Synchronization strategies
- Locking mechanisms
- Locking solutions
- Deadlock prevention
- Contention management
- Identifying what to lock
-
Available synchronization primitives
- Atomic operations
- Spinlocks
- Reader-writer spinlocks
- Semaphores
- Binary semaphores
- Mutexes
- Reader-writer semaphores
- Completion variables
- Seqlocks
- Disabling preemption
- Ordering and memory barriers
Time Management
- HZ configuration
- Jiffies usage
- Managing delays (large and small)
- Kernel timers
Hardware I/O
- I/O Ports
- I/O Memory access
- Handling side effects when accessing hardware registers
User-Kernel Communication
- put_user() and get_user()
- copy_to_user() and copy_from_user()
- Kernel I/O operations
- Memory mapping techniques
- procfs interface
- sysfs interface
- debugfs interface
- relayfs
- Netlink sockets
- ioctl communication
Portability
- Word size considerations
- Opaque types
- Signed and unsigned char handling
- Data alignment rules
- Integral promotion
- Code reuse strategies
- Endianness management
- System tick handling
- Page size variations
- Instruction ordering constraints
- SMP, preemption, and high memory handling
Unless otherwise specified, the content and this course outline are licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
Requirements
- Fundamental understanding of using a GNU/Linux system as an end user
- Basic proficiency with a command-line shell
- Foundational knowledge of user-space or application development
- Intermediate proficiency in C programming
- Completion of Embedded GNU/Linux Systems Architecture is highly recommended, along with a solid grasp of the topics covered in that course.
35 Hours
Testimonials (3)
Everything is ok.
Adrian Rybka - SEOyon
Course - Flutter Development Bootcamp with Dart
Very usefull additional informations
Grzegorz - Comp S.A.
Course - BLoC Pattern
His knowledge and patience.
